Tests of doing business and penalties for unregistered entities considered as doing business

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GRATA International GRATA International is a dynamically developing international law firm providing services for projects across 26 countries worldwide: full coverage of the entire region with network of offices, highly qualified team of professionals suited for cross-border projects...Read more
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NewsGRATA International Maintains Leading Positions and Enhances Regional Influence in Chambers Asia-Pacific 2026 GRATA International has demonstrated strong performance in the Chambers Asia-Pacific 2026 Guide, maintaining its rankings across key practices in Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and improving its positions in several of them. This year, the Firm has also proudly expanded its presence in the Guide with new rankings in Mongolia and Turkmenistan.Read more
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NewsSeminar on Recognition and Enforcement of Kazakh Court Decisions Held for the Ministry of Justice of KazakhstanOn 23 October 2025, Aigerim Bikmaz, Partner at GRATA International (Ankara office) and Co-founder of BETA Law Office, together with the GRATA International Astana office, conducted a seminar for representatives of the Ministry of Justice of Kazakhstan. The session focused on the recognition and enforcement of Kazakh court decisions in Türkiye.Read more
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NewsGRATA International’s Beijing Representative Recognized in The Legal 500 China 2025We are pleased to announce that GRATA International’s Beijing representative office has been recognized in The Legal 500 China 2025 rankings across several practice areas.Read more
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PublicationsTests of doing business and penalties for unregistered entities considered as doing businessGRATA International presents a comparative overview of legal tests for determining when activities are considered “doing business” and the penalties applicable to unregistered entities across multiple jurisdictions, including Azerbaijan, Cyprus, Kyrgyzstan, Malaysia, Mongolia, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.Read more
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PublicationsKyrgyzstan Business Law News Digest: December 2025The December issue of Kyrgyzstan's Monthly Legal Digest covers key changes in legal regulation: increased transparency for single-founder companies, updated procedures for administering subsoil use fees, the introduction of digital litigation, and the adoption of a new Law "On Mediation." Read more
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PublicationsCarbon credit and it’s new registry regulation in MongoliaMongolia has undertaken significant regulatory and institutional reforms in recent years to strengthen its carbon credit governance and prepare for active participation in international carbon markets under Article 6 of the Paris AgreementRead more
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EventsGRATA International Almaty Office to speak at EUROBAK Tax Committee webinarOn 12 November 2025, Lyazzat Zhilkibagarova, Senior Associate at GRATA International (Almaty), will speak at the EUROBAK Tax Committee webinar on the topic: “Recent Administrative Practice on Beneficial Ownership Test and MLI Application.”Read more
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EventsGRATA International Turkmenistan invites to the upcoming business seminarGRATA International Turkmenistan is pleased to announce its upcoming business seminar under the theme “Why Every Business Needs a Lawyer.” The event will take place on Friday, 31 October 2025, from 9:00 AM to 1:00 PM at the “Ish Nokady” Co-working Center, Arkach Mall, AshgabatRead more
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EventsGRATA International Invites You to B2B Meetings in Belek, AntalyaRead more
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