General rules for making a contract

GRATA International presents a comparative overview of the general rules for making a contract in Armenia, Belarus, Mongolia, the Philippines, Russia, Tajikistan, Thailand, Türkiye, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.

The publication outlines key aspects of contract formation and performance, including mandatory terms, form and language requirements, notarization and registration rules, and conditions for modification and termination.

It also explores the use of foreign law in contracts, cross-border reporting obligations, and specific procedures applicable to agreements with state authorities.

Read the full material:

You can view information on each country separately using the links in the list below.

List of countries and authors:

Armenia - Meri Artashesyan

Belarus - Natalia Zhuk, Yuliya Stefanovich, Alina Karchevskaya

Mongolia - Bolormaa Volodya, Enkh-Uchral Khurelbaatar

Philippines - Krisanto Karlo Nicolas, Jose Al Norbe

Russia - Alena Ivanova, Andrey Borovkov, Artem Kritsky, Maxim Zarechin, Vyacheslav Khorovskiy

Tajikistan - Kamoliddin Mukhamedov

Thailand - Voramon Santiboon

Türkiye - Adil Ali Ceylan, Gülendam Tüylüoğlu, Betul Arslan Aydın, Aigerim Sabit Bikmaz

Turkmenistan - Serdar Amanov, Annamenli Rozymyradova, Gulenar Akmyradova

Uzbekistan - Anora Turakhujaeva, Javokhir Abdumalikov