Industry experience

• Advice to a major telecommunication company with drafting and execution of contracts for fiber optic cables installation;
• Advice to a leading mobile operator with certain regulatory issues of introducing Mobile Network Portability (MNP) services to local market;
• Advice to a company providing telecommunication services with certain regulatory issued under the scope of authority of Public Services Regulatory Commission of Armenia;
• Advice to a local mobile operator with drafting and execution of contracts for international supply of mobile phones and telecommunication equipment;
• Advice to a telecommunication company in designing products promotion practices compliant with requirements of Armenian legislation;
• Legal support to a leading Armenian software development company with drafting, negotiation and execution of frame supply contracts with leading global suppliers of software and hardware;
• Advice to a major IT enterprise with drafting and execution of a contract for developing an online trading platform for the Austria based clients;
• Comprehensive legal support with developing GDPR compliant policies and practices to an Armenia based software developing hub offering products globally.

• Represented the client before the Supreme Court of Azerbaijan in recognition and enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Award in favor of Toshiba Company against local companies in Azerbaijan. The award was recognized and directed to the Bailiff’s department for enforcement (USD 4.4 mln.);
• Due diligence of a major mobile phone operator of Azerbaijan prior to the acquisition of a facility;
• Provided legal advice on IP Telephony regulations to a Chinese investment holding company;
• Advised an international Chinese company, a manufacturer of telecommunications equipment and systems, (branch office in Baku) on employment contracts;
• Advised a Swedish telecommunications equipment company on the import of IT equipment;
• Advised the main American cable and satellite TV channel on licencing matters;
• Provided legal services on various matters to a German multinational software corporation;
• Advised Caspian SAT Company on matters of obtaining a licence;
• Advised SAP company (through SAP AZ LLC) on various legal matters, including contracts, tax and customs law;
• Provided legal support to a leading world company that developed the electronic platform for drivers and passengers in corporate, tax, and financial legal matters;
• Advised a European telecommunication Company on various commercial, corporate and regulatory matters, and immigration law in Azerbaijan;
• Advised a French Telecommunication Company on various commercial, corporate and regulatory matters (including reorganization through merger) and immigration law in Azerbaijan;
• Assisting a global online platform for the provision of transportation services in registering an incentive lottery for the partners using the platform;
• Obtaining a license for the creation of personal data information systems for a global platform for the provision of transportation services and assisting in registration of two personal data information systems;
• Consulting a company-owner that operates an online platform on the use of IVR calls for promotional purposes;
• Advising a British financial technology company regarding offering banking services in Azerbaijan on a cross-border basis;
• Providing legal advice to investment company on the marketing of financial products in Azerbaijan without local presence in the market and required licenses;
• Achieved a judgment in favor of our client in a corporate dispute on share-sale between leading mobile applications and services companies in Turkey.

• Advising a resident company of the High-Tech Park, a major developer of applications for mobile platforms (iOS | Android), server-side web applications and systems based on JAVA | NET | PHP on legal DD of NDAs, master service agreements, and license agreements. Advising the company on attracting investments;
• Due diligence of partnership agreements of one of the leading suppliers of European energy engineering equipment in Belarus on the matters of intellectual property protection;
• Legal support of an Austrian data processing company in the course of its participation in the tender, discussing of contractual terms and due diligence of certain aspects of implementation of the contract;
• Advising a major developer of web-based software with client-server architecture and cross-platform mobile applications for Android and iOS on various matters on residency in the High-Tech Park. Drafting of certain corporate documents, draft business plan in accordance with different business conditions. Providing legal advice on concluding software development agreements with foreign partners;
• Advising the Belarusian branch of a Chinese telecommunications company on the issues of illegal supply of counterfeit goods to Belarus using the company’s trademark;
• Advising a Belarusian IT company on matters of entering the Israeli market;
• Providing legal support to a Belarusian IT-company of Israeli origin in the course of implementing a project for arranging a communication system with a single access point in Belarus;
• Advising the Belarusian branch of an American IT company on the issues of registration of the subsidiary, development of commercial secrets protection framework, drafting of software development agreements, advising on matters of assigning rights to software;
• Advising one of the leading global manufacturers of networking and telecommunications equipment. Drafting of the legal opinion on implementation of the contract for providing engineering services, drafting of the guarantee agreement, performance of due diligence of labor relations and development of the plan for minimizing risks of violation of the law in this sphere;
• Advising the Minsk office of a German company on the issues of cooperation with the Belarusian office for development of software products and issues of transfer of its rights to the developed software;
• Providing legal support to a Belarusian IT startup, which specializes in solutions for contact centers, HR departments and industrial safety departments, on the issues of attracting investments. Advising on drafting of the cooperation agreement and the shareholders agreement. Legal support of the company on the issues of preliminary due diligence in the field of intellectual property, drafting the agreement on transfer of ownership rights;
• Comprehensive legal support in the protection of the trademark and trade name in Belarus in connection with the dishonest actions of a Belarusian manufacturer of similar equipment. The dispute was resolved through an amicable agreement before the decision of the Board of Appeals and parties signed an agreement on the assignment of rights on the TM;
• Advising a company in the field of media measurements in Belarus on concluding a license agreement with a manufacturer of relevant equipment and technology. The analysis and preparation of amendments to the license agreement for obtaining non-exclusive rights to the technology (product) for conducting media measurements of the audience.

• Advising the China Electronics Import and Export Corporation on its operations in Kazakhstan, including licensing, corporate structuring and asset acquisition;
• Advising HIKVision Digital Technology on applicable antitrust legislation, support in the process of passing antitrust checks. Preparation and participation in negotiations on the purchase and sale agreement of HIKVision Kazakhstan;
• Advising Hong Kong Dragon Electronics Ltd. in connection with the award of the Chinese International Commercial and Economic Arbitration Commission. Representation of Hong Kong Dragon Electronics Ltd. in the court of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the application for recognition of the arbitration decision and execution of the arbitration award;
• Advising FETC on the due registration of subsidiary company in the tax and state authorities;
• Advising Fuzhou Boquan on the registration of a subsidiary with tax and government authorities;
• Advising Anhui Yinjing Mining Technology on the registration of a subsidiary company that specializes in producing equipment for the extraction and processing of non-metallic ores;
• Advising CNST Leader Holding regarding the conduct of its activities on the territory of Kazakhstan, including issues of commercial, environmental, labour and tax law,intellectual property rights and other issues of Kazakhstan law;
• Advising FAMSUN Co., Ltd. on the labour matters in the Republic of Kazakhstan;
• Registration of Inovativ Ltd. in the Astana International Financial Centre (AIFC) and provision of legal advice on cryptocurrency and digital mining in the Republic of Kazakhstan;
• Advising Bitmain on restrictions and rules in countries where operations are planned, as well as the feasibility of the proposed financial structure.

• Providing services to Mediapro Georgia Ltd on implementation of the Mobile Number Portability Project in Georgia;
• Representing one of the local telecommunications companies in a tax dispute;
• Due diligence of a Georgian mobile phone operator as a part of an M&A transaction;
• Advising one of the largest media companies on local regulations applicable to SVOD services;
• Advising one of the security technology providers on applicable anti monopoly regulations;
• Providing regulatory and compliance advice to one of the streaming services.

Telecommunication

• Advising China Telecom on establishing their legal presence in Kazakhstan, including licensing, corporate structuring and asset acquisition;
• Advising Huawei in relation to its operations in Kazakhstan, including drafting commercial agreements, advice on applicability of Kazakhstan’s legislation to commercial contracts, taxation and commercial law, and representation of the company in courts of the Republic of Kazakhstan;
• Advising ZTE in relation to its operations in Kazakhstan, including commercial and tax law;
• Advising a group of Middle Eastern investors on acquisition of shares in a Kazakhstani telecommunication company, including due diligence, corporate structuring, regulatory and licensing advice;
• Advising a telecommunication company, implementing a project in the territory of Kazakhstan on matters related to the legal status of optical cables in accordance with Kazakhstan law;
• Advising one of the leading producers of mobile phones on antitrust and customer protection issues in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Azerbaijan;
• Advising a shareholder of one of the largest mobile operators in Kazakhstan in relation to a potential dispute connected with a sale of a stake in the operator;
• Advising the largest telecommunication company in Kazakhstan on public listing of shares, including legal due diligence;
• Due diligence of a Kazakhstani mobile phone operator as a part of an M&A transaction with a focus on the permits of state agencies of Kazakhstan;
• Advising a leading world provider of new generation telecommunication networks on corporate restructuring;
• Advising a leading global provider of telecommunication equipment on tax issues in a proposed consortium with another company;
• Advising a leading global provider of telecommunication equipment on enforcement of arbitration awards in the territory of Kazakhstan;
• Advising a major supplier of telecommunication equipment on risks, related to contracts with offshore companies;
• Advising an international supplier of telecommunication equipment and mobile phones on enforcement procedures, related to resolving international trade disputes in Kazakhstan;
• Advising a major international telecommunication company on customs law and legal support for customs audit.

Technology, Media

• Advising Uber in connection with launch of service in Kazakhstan, including licensing, tax and other issues, drafting commercial agreements, participation in negotiations with state authorities;
• Providing legal support in acquisition of Foodpanda online service by Chocofamily internet-holding, including drafting transaction documents, verification of corporate authority, and other corporate and finance law advice;
• Advising Get Contact on relaunching its service in Kazakhstan,including negotiations with state authorities, structuring service’s operation and consultations on various aspects of Kazakhstan’s legislation;
• Advising a major Russian information services company on the launch of its several services on the territory of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Azerbaijan,including negotiations with state authorities, legal structuring, drafting documentation for services’ launch, consultations on various aspects of Kazakhstan’s legislation, representation in courts and other legal assistance;
• Advising a Russian bank on financing a purchase of a television company in Kazakhstan, including transaction structuring, drafting main documentation for transaction, due diligence of a target company and consultations on various aspects of Kazakhstan’s legislation;
• Advising one of Kazakhstan’s leading e-commerce companies in connection with corporate structuring of their business and prospective acquisition of shares by local and foreign investors;
• Advising a world leading manufacturer of software products on protection of intellectual property rights, and successfully representing the client in local courts;
• Advising an international TV-channel network in connection with structuring their business in Kazakhstan and Russia, protection of intellectual property rights, labour and taxation issues;
• Advising an international company, headquartered in Singapore, on launch of a bitcoin mining centre in Kazakhstan. Scope of work included negotiations with electricity suppliers and state authorities, business structuring and consultations on various aspects of Kazakhstan’s legislation.

• EPAM Systems Inc., on establishment of the subsidiary in the Kyrgyz Republic and providing legal support on all legal questions arising from operations of the subsidiary;
• Veon Ltd. (Beeline) on possible acquisition of local GSM mobile operator. Due diligence, Legal opinion, advising on bankruptcy procedure and licensing;
• Mastercard regarding various matters pertaining to launch of money transfer service including but not limited to matters on regulatory approvals and data protection;
• Invescore, a prominent Mongolian financial institution on the matters pertinent to seeking a license of an operator of payment system issued by the National Bank of Kyrgyzstan;
• Representing interests of Sky Mobile LLC in court on dispute re. sale of 100% of shares of local mobile operator (in the course of the special administration procedure);
• Advising Dutch company, a multinational developer & creator of navigation technology and consumer electronics, on licensing regulation and cartography;
• Advising a US multinational financial services corporation on the issues of business conduct and legal assessment of possible impacts of introduction of amendments to Payment Systems Law in the Kyrgyz Republic;
• Advising one of the leaders in global payments and a technology company on introducing new money transfer services on the territory of the Kyrgyz Republic including use of electronic money;
• Advising an American licensed international money remittance operator on the issues of business conduct, registration of a payment system and reporting requirements of the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic;
• Successful registration of an operator of money-transfer system in the registrar of the National Bank of the Kyrgyz Republic.
• Advising China Telecom on construction of a nation-wide fiber network in Kyrgyzstan;
• Advising BPC AG (Switzerland) and its affiliates on realisation of the second ever PPP project in the Kyrgyz Republic “Electronic ticketing in public transport in Bishkek city”.

Saint Petersburg:

• Representing a major Internet provider during the objection stage of an on-site tax audit: proving unlawful accrual of so-called "complicated gaps";
• Advising a large commercial mass media on issues related to commercial activities;
• Advising an Indian digital technology company on tax legal matters;
• Representing a famous Russian radio channel in a labor dispute;
• Advising a client on production expansion and logistics process optimisation (the client's speciality is the implementation of high-tech projects for various industries);
• Representing a major advertising agency in employment and other disputes;
• Advised a Chinese company specialising in digital payment products on expansion of its production and business structuring in Russia.

• Representing an electronic telecommunications, retail and insurance company in implementation of GDPR principles in a new personal data protection law.
• Assisting a British telecommunications company with SPA transaction for transfer of the shares from a large and famous TV from Moldova.
• Due diligence of a Moldovan mobile phone operator as a part of an M&A transaction.

• Assisted to register subsidiary of multinational company based in the US which provides marketing and advertising business in Mongolia and providing day-to-day legal consulting services;
• Prepared detailed questionnaire to launch TV application in regards with advertising, content requirements, broadcasting, IP rights, rights of publicity/privacy, competition legislations of Mongolia to the multinational company based in the US;
• Prepared detailed podcast diligence questionnaire for content and localization regulations of Mongolia to the multinational company based in the US;
• Advised on revision of all regulations including service terms, privacy policy, agreement with doctors and agreement with customers etc for medical application of the US based company for launching its Mongolian version;
• Advised on privacy policy of an international IT company which is based in the UK;
• Advised on regulatory framework of Russian company to supply wholesale and retail internet service to Mongolian market;
• Advised and assisted on changing Executive Director of the local subsidiary of a Russian IT company.

• Carrying out an extensive due diligence of TCell, a major mobile operator in Tajikistan;
• Reviewing and advising on the Terms of Use (ToU) for Samsung's SmartTutor software. Additionally, providing expert guidance on the intricacies of IMEI registration in Tajikistan, including any legal or regulatory considerations. Ensuring compliance and user satisfaction.

• Assisted IT supply client to negotiate MSA with major banking clients for STP processing implementation;
• Acted on behalf of local banks in negotiating license and service agreements for the core banking system;
• Acted on behalf of a financial institution to secure a right in source coding under escrow arrangements.

• Assistance to global electronic and sms messages delivery service provider in structuring cross-border delivery of electronic and sms messages to and outside of Uzbekistan;
• Assistance to a European based multimedia, video and TV broadcasting company in providing services via mobile and internet networks to customers in Uzbekistan;
• Advising and successful assistance in maintaining compliance with use of private data regulations, including registration of personal information databases, compliance with cross-border personal information and others;
• Advising on and providing legal assistance in the take over of one of the largest European owned mobile networks operator by a state buyer;
• Carrying out full legal due diligence of the largest telecom operator in Uzbekistan in connection with upcoming corporate acquisition of the operator;
• Carrying out full scale legal due diligence of the leading Uzbekistani online advertisement source with view of corporate acquisition;
• Successful representation of Israeli telecommunications equipment manufacturer and service provider in pre-judicial negotiations with the local tax authority insisting on payment of additional taxes by a non-resident operating in Uzbekistan through a permanent establishment. Amount of dispute: USD 3.5 mln.;
• Advising a group of companies based in Israel, the USA and the UK on tax obligations and emergence of permanent establishment in Uzbekistan in relation to a long term EPC contract in the telecommunications industry (USD 40 mln. Project);
• Due diligence of a building offered for sale to Transatlantic – an Indian owned transportation company, to locate a pharmaceutical products warehouse in Tashkent, Uzbekistan;
• Advising Daewoo International Corporation – a Korean multifunctional corporation, in a dispute against the largest telecommunication operator in respect of an illegal attempt to premature termination of lease of office premises agreement. Successful negotiation leading to extension of lease for one calendar year;
• Assisting Cisco – a European telecom equipment and services operator, in amending lease terms before its expiry. Successful amendment of lease terms;
• Advising a Sweden-based mobile communications operator on issues related to licensing 3G networks in Uzbekistan and transfer, storage, processing and disclosure of professional and private information about its local subsidiary employees;
• Advising a Chinese telecommunications equipment manufacturer on matters of mandatory installation and maintenance of SOIM (system for operative and investigative activities) at mobile communications networks of local operators;
• Advising and ensuring compliance with local anti monopoly legislation, including obtaining the authorisation of the state anti-monopoly committee, on sale by a Japanese telecommunications company of its 24% interest in the company, holding 26% of the market (wired Internet) and its 49% interest in a Company holding 70% of the market (wireless Internet);
• Advising a European telecommunications company on matters of telecommunications licensing, specifically, designing, building and operating data transmission networks;
• Advising a Chinese telecommunications corporation on matters related to obtaining a permit to use certain radio frequencies for the company's internal purposes;
• Advising a leading Chinese telecommunications company on matters related to obtaining the permits for the import, sale and operation of certain types of telecommunications equipment by mobile operators, including providing practical assistance in obtaining permits from the Centre for Electromagnetic Compatibility of Devices to import certain types of devices into Uzbekistan;
• Consulting with the consortium of Japanese and Korean companies on issues related to provision of telecommunications services on wireless data transfer networks;
• Advising a European telecommunications company on matters related to operation of data transmission networks and on cooperation between data transmission networks operators;
• Advising a leading Chinese telecommunications company on the use of devices for cryptographic protection of information by operators of data transmission networks;
• Advising Uzbekenergo CJSC on designing telecommunications networks (data transmission, radio and telephone communications) in the construction of the steam and gas unit at Syrdarya thermal power plant;
• Advising an Israeli company on matters related to construction, installation and use of data transmission antennas for mobile network phone operators.